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Dunhuangislocatedinthehexicorridoristhemostwesternend,thenorthernedgeoftheqinghai-tibetplateauarea,i...下面是小编收集整理的甘肃敦煌英文导游词精选八篇，仅供参考，大家一起来看看吧。
甘肃敦煌英文导游词 篇一
Dunhuang is located in the hexi corridor is the most western end, the northern edge of the qinghai-tibet plateau area, is sweet, the green, the new three provinces at the junction, is one of the four town of hexi in history. A total of 150000 people, covers an area of 30000 square kilometers.
Dunhuang is the national famous historical and cultural city, has a history of more than 20xx years ago. It is beyond the ancient silk road, qiang tathagata (qinghai road), west south, north crossed the border fortress. From the northeast line too anxi, dunhuang for hexi avenue to the central plains; West out of the sunlight, western region south road, connected with the ruoqiang county of xinjiang along the silk road; Northwest line yumenguan, along the west, north to hami and lop nur were systematically stud Ed Dunhuang south through thoroughly kazak autonomous county, more than the altun, direct the golmud in qinghai province.
Dunhuang grottoes, also known as the mogao grottoes, thousand-buddha grottoes, located 25 kilometers southeast of dunhuang the singing of the cliffs, is one of the world famous four grottoes, also represents China"s largest and most abundant content, artistic value of the highest, grotto art is regarded as "the pearl of the silk road".
In 1900, more than fifty thousand volumes of religious and secular documents found that make the dunhuang mogao grottoes and enjoy "the world art treasure house", "the greatest existing buddhist art treasure of the world", the double crown. In December 1987, UNESCO listed the mogao grottoes on the world heritage list.
The characteristics of the mogao grottoes art in building, statues and murals on the organic combination of the painted sculpture art outstanding accomplishments, rich imagination and romantic, fresco composition grand changeable, coloring more heavy and complicated, smooth fine lines, with strong artistic appeal. Wat zen, shadow, palace, tower, temple, dome top wat wait for a variety of shape; Painted circle, floating, shadow, good karma and other forms; Murals statue like, JingBian, historic stories, Buddhism, architecture, landscape, feed, animal, decoration, such as different content, the time span of one thousand six hundred years, is a rare precious cultural treasure.
甘肃敦煌英文导游词 篇二
Dunhuang in gansu, qinghai, xinjiang junction of three provinces (area). Population of more than 180000, the city"s economy is mainly on agriculture, tourism services, for dunhuang once glorious and is famous for its extensive and profound cultural connotation.
Dunhuang south pillow magnificence of qilian mountain, west meets the vast expanse of the taklamakan desert, snake song north Rocky Mountains in the north, east three mountain peak rock abrupt sceneries. Area of 3.12 square kilometers. A warm temperate climate. Annual rainfall is only 39.9 mm, and the evaporation is 2400 mm. Full of sunshine, frost-free period is long. In the mountains embrace the natural small basin, DangHe snow water moistens garden, green shade blocked black wind sand; Grain security, melons and fruits of the four seasons fragrance; Wonders mysterious desert, gobi phantom sea quirky; The world famous cultural heritage, talented people... Beauty of dunhuang, was a productive land, magic and attractive.
", big also; bright, also." Grand glory of dunhuang has a long history, splendid culture! As early as the late primitive society, the central plains tribes are migrating to the defeat of hexi three miao people thrive here. Is given priority to with hunting, they are beginning to grasp the original agricultural production technology. Dunhuang area had excavated neolithic flint knives, stone axes and pottery, bronze. Xia, shang and zhou, dunhuang belong to the scope of the ancient melon states, there are three seedling seed, then call qiang Dijon nomadic settled here. Found in dunhuang nomadic people left many of the paintings vividly so far. The warring states period and the warlords, dunhuang area inhabited by a large moon people, sun and kinds of people. Mergers and acquisitions, big moon people is strong, the original qiang Dijon. The end of the warring states period, the great the rouzhi roamed out black sun, plug, exclusive dunhuang until the end of the qin dynasty at the beginning of the han.
Dunhuang has experienced a baptism of - Tang Yu, splendid culture, cultural sites, such as the mogao grottoes, yulin grotto, west thousand-buddha grottoes mainly landscape. The mogao grottoes of dunhuang grottoes, known as "the pearl of the Oriental art," said, is China"s largest existing grottoes, retained the ten dynasties, after one thousand years of 492 caves, murals of more than 45000 square meters, painted over 20xx seats. Theme from buddhist stories, there are also reflects the folk, farming, hunting, murals, marriage funeral, festival happiness, etc. These murals painted superb techniques and has been recognized as "the dawn of human civilization, the world buddhist art treasure house.
Ning zong open jubilee two years (1206 AD), yuan MAO temujin, genghis khan unified MoBei the tribes, established the powerful tribal alliances. In 1227, the Mongol armies out xixia, conquer sand state, hexi area belongs to the yuan dynasty. Since then, the rise of dunhuang for sand state road, belonging to gansu province line book. After promoted to bar manager office. The yuan dynasty expedition to the west, only dunhuang. Then the melon, the sand two states station troops, camp has, settlement agriculture DangHe, shule river basin. Dunhuang once presented the economic and cultural prosperity, and the western trade more frequently. Famous traveler Italian Marco Polo is via roaming around the central plains dunhuang during this period. The yuan dynasty rulers also believed in Buddhism. The mogao grottoes of digging. Existing about 10 yuan dynasty grotto. Since the yuan dynasty, li hexi gradually lost its former brilliance.
After zhu yuanzhang built during the Ming dynasty, to wipe out yuan areas, send Song Guogong von odds soldier pacify hexi won three road, built the jiayuguan Ming Great Wall, rebuild the grave could. Ming dynasty in order to strengthen the northwest frontier defense, seven who set up the kansai. Yongle three years (AD 1405), set in dunhuang dealing with sand. After the turpan hami, dunhuang under threat. Ancient city of Ming dynasty and the sand state set up east left-back. Zhengde eleven years (AD 1516), dunhuang was occupied by turpan. Three years jiajing (1524 AD), the Ming dynasty ordered the closure jiayuguan, migrating to kansai civilians inside shanhaiguan pass, abandoned the melon, the sand two states. Since two hundred, dunhuang kuang no build, become "willow wind dispersal floor empty, quicksand don"t day" on the desert land.
Late qing emperor kangxi, the qing dynasty gradually regained jiayuguan outside the area. Yongzheng three years (AD 1725), established in dunhuang dealing, and start from around 2400 immigrants to settle in dunhuang, the gansu province, at the same time, large Numbers of soldiers moved turpan, lop nur were systematically stud Ed states along the sand. Yongzheng, at the end of the bar has been cultivated land 100000 mu, lead DangHe 10 canal irrigation water, agriculture was soon recovery and development, formed the hexi corridor in the west of the gobi oasis. To qianlong twenty-five years (1760 years), changed the sand at litres of dunhuang county, belonging to anxi directly affiliated to the state, until the xinhai revolution, after the founding of the People"s Republic of China in 1949, has been the lack of dunhuang is located. County of dunhuang city, set up in 1987, approved by the state council. In 1986 was named "China"s famous historical and cultural city" of the state council.
Dunhuang, after vicissitudes of life, ups and downs, several steps stumble through nearly five thousand years long mileage. Long history gave birth to the brilliant ancient culture of dunhuang, dunhuang still brilliant; That the earth"s cultural relics sites, ancient book literatures, beautiful grotto art, mysterious strange mountain different water... That looks like the ancient city, making the gobi oasis more lush and vibrant, is like a piece of jade inlay is green and luxuriant. On the golden desert, more beautiful, more brilliant.
甘肃敦煌英文导游词 篇三
Dunhuang is located in the western end of the hexi corridor in gansu province is located in gansu, qinghai, xinjiang, the junction of three provinces (area), the south qilian mountain, mazong mountain are north, east, and west sides of the gobi desert, an average elevation of 1138 meters, the formation of the north-south high, intermediate low, from the west to the northeast tilt basin plain, the city"s total area of 3.12 square kilometers, of which the oasis area of 1400 square kilometers, accounted for only 4.5% of the total area, and surrounded by a desert gobi, reason has "gobi oasis". Dunhuang is located in the interior, obvious is characterized by dry climate, large temperature difference between day and night, less rainfall, evaporation, sunshine time is long, clear four seasons. Due to the lack of rain, the annual average rainfall of 39.3 millimeters, evaporation is 2486 mm, so has the obvious desert climate characteristics, belongs to the typical continental arid climate.
Oasis by DangHe tonic, originated in qilian mountain north flow DangHe, total length of 390 km, the basin area of 1.68 square kilometers, the annual runoff is 328 million cubic meters, is an important water conservancy lifeblood of dunhuang, except DangHe in surface water east and west ditch, ditch, south lake springs, spring always overflow volume of 3.14 cubic meters per second, annual runoff is 99.023 million cubic meters. The development and utilization of groundwater, dunhuang has become the main source of people"s living water and industrial water. The city"s total population of 150000 people, including agricultural population 94600 people. In han Chinese population accounts for the vast majority, hui, Mongolian, Tibetan, uygur, miao, manchu, earth, tujia, kazak, dongxiang, abundant solid 10 ethnic minorities accounted for only 1.06%. City governs 2 town 10 townships, 79 villagers committee, 381 villagers group. Sand town is home to the municipal party committee and municipal government, the state is the city"s political, economic and cultural center. Seven 7 kilometers from west of the town is a new type of oil city building is very beautiful, who is now an affiliated stations in qinghai petroleum administration bureau, the population of permanent residents in more than 30000.
The total land area of 265600 mu, all is irrigated. Because of the fertile soil, irrigation condition is good, suitable for all kinds of crops. The main crops are wheat, corn, cotton, sesame, melons, vegetables and so on. Oasis in the orchard area of 43318 mu, the main variety of fruit is apple, pear, peach, apricot, jujube, grape, etc., can produce a variety of fruits a year more than 20xx kilograms.
甘肃敦煌导游词 篇四
相信大家也都听说过许多外国旅游者对莫高窟的评价：“看到了敦煌莫高窟就等于看到了全世界的古代文明”，“莫高窟是世界上最长、规模最大、内容最丰富的画廊”，“它是世界上现存佛教艺术最伟大的宝库。”
敦煌莫高窟与洛阳的龙门石窟、山西大同的云冈时刻并称为中国三大石窟。莫高窟以它创建年代之久、建筑规模之大、壁画数量之多、塑像造型之美，保存之完整、其艺术价值之博大精深而闻名天下，享誉国内外。
莫高窟俗称“千佛洞”，被誉为20世纪最有价值的文化显现，被称为“东方卢浮宫”。“千”这个数字在这里不指具体的数目而是喻指很多。因为这里有很多的佛教塑像和壁画洞窟，所以俗称“千佛洞”。莫高窟这个名称最早出现在隋代洞窟第423号洞窟的题记中，其名称的由来众说纷纭，莫衷一是，大抵有三种说法：其一是说，莫高窟开凿于沙漠的高处而得名，在古汉语中“沙漠”的“漠”和“莫高窟”的“莫”是通假字；其二是说从藏经洞出土的文书和许多唐代文献都有记载，唐代沙洲敦煌县境内有“漠高山”“漠高里”之名，据此考证，鸣沙山在隋唐也称漠高山。因此将石窟以附近的乡、里名称命名；其三是说在梵文里“莫高”之音是解脱的意思，莫高是梵文的音译。
敦煌莫高窟背靠鸣沙山，面对三危峰，窟区南北全长1600多米，现存洞窟492个。洞窟大小不一，上下错落，密布崖面。每个洞窟都有栩栩如生的塑像，婀娜多姿的飞天，精美绝伦的壁画，构图精巧的莲花砖，构成了一个充满宗教氛围的佛国世界。有“人类文化珍藏”“形象历史博物馆”“世界画廊”之称。1961年我过国务院确定气为“全国文物重点保护单位”，1987年联合国教科文组织将莫高窟列为“世界文化遗产”。敦煌莫高窟是石窟艺术中一颗璀璨的明珠，举世无双的人类瑰宝。
首先我们去参观有名的藏经洞。这个洞窟位于弟16号洞窟通道的北侧，编号为17窟。洞窟原是晚唐时期河南都僧统共讧的“影窟”，有碑文记载这一事实。说到藏经洞大家就会想到王道士。是他发现了藏经洞，但也是由于他的无知导致了藏经洞大部分文物损坏、丢失。1900年5月的一天，管理莫高窟的道士王圆箓在一个偶然的机会打开了藏九百多年的藏经洞。这些珍贵无比的文物终于重见天日了。但是清王朝的腐败加之王圆箓的愚昧，使这些珍贵文物遭到了帝国主义分子肆无忌惮的掠夺和盗窃。1905年沙皇俄国的奥勃鲁切夫来到莫高窟，以六包日用品为诱饵骗取了一些文物；1907英国人斯坦因仅用树十块马蹄银劫取了约一万多卷，同时还有佛教绣品和佛画五百多幅，现藏于大英博物馆；1908年法国人伯希和盗走文物六千多卷，现藏于巴黎法国国立图书馆和吉美博物馆；1911年10月，日本大谷光瑞探险队的吉川小一郎和橘瑞超盗走约九百多卷。直到1910年清政府才将被劫余的文物运往北京，收藏在北京图书馆。在运输途中以及运到北京后不少文物被偷、损坏、遗失，是中国考古史上一次难以估量的损失。藏经洞发现的这些文书，涉及到许多学科，是研究古代宗教、政治、经济、军事、文化的重要资料，经过国内外学者几十年的研究，开拓出一门全新热门的学科——敦煌学。
当时王道士把经卷卖给斯坦因的原因有三方面：一是在长达七年的时间里，他多次求助官方予以重视，而且是逐级上报，但是无人过问，致使他灰了心；二是为了完成他的宏愿，清扫洞窟，修建三层楼，架设木桥；三是唐玄奘沟通了他们的思想。斯坦因这个探索家追求事业的精神感动了他。因此他虽则思想极为冒矛盾，既不愿意外国人将这些文物带走，但是在无奈的情况下也只好让步。
当斯坦因把敦煌文物宣传于全世界是，当朝命官这才懂得了其重要价值。但是他们不是考虑如何的保护它，而是千方百计的窃为己有。因此一时间偷窃成风，敦煌卷子流失严重。这是敦煌卷子自发现以后最大的劫难。真所谓是“敦煌千古事，苦乐谁人知！”
那么，藏经洞是什么时候为何被密封的呢？
一说是11世纪初，西夏侵入敦煌是为了保护经典而藏；一说是不用但又不能丢切的神经圣典收集存放；再一说是为了防止伊斯兰宗教徒破话而藏。后来收藏了这些经典的僧侣逃的逃了，还俗的还俗了，死的死了，直到20世纪初发现这个洞窟为止，再没有人知道这件事。
参观了藏经洞，了解了它的掠夺史，现在展现在我们面前的就是敦煌莫高窟艺术的精髓——壁画艺术。通过壁画直接或间接的反映了我过各民族各阶层的劳动生活、社会活动、风俗习惯、衣冠服饰、音乐舞蹈等。它不仅是一部生动的敦煌画史，也是一部丰富的文化史。在莫高窟壁画的佛经故事中，也有许多动人的画面，如“九色鹿”的故事，就是歌颂正义谴责邪恶的。壁画以连环画的方式生动的表达了这一故事。
谈到壁画艺术大家想到最多的就是飞天。飞天是佛教中称为香音之神，能奏乐、善飞舞、满身异香而美丽的"菩萨。唐代飞天更为丰富多彩，气韵生动。她既不像希腊插翅的天使，也不像古代印度腾云驾雾的天女。中国艺术家用绵长的飘带使她们优美轻捷的女性身躯漫天飞舞。飞天是民族艺术的一个绚丽形象。提起敦煌人们就会想到神奇的飞天。莫高窟的壁画艺术是龙门石窟、云冈石窟所没有的，是世界上任何石窟所无法比拟的。其规模之宏大、题材之广泛、艺术之精湛，被艺术学者称之为“一大画廊”，法国学者称之为“墙壁上的图书馆”。
那么大家一定很想知道是谁绘成了堪称世界艺术瑰宝的敦煌壁画？
研究人员认为敦煌画师的来源主要有四种。首先是来自西域的民间画师。这是因为敦煌壁画的早期作品风格和新疆同期的很多佛教石窟壁画风格非常接近；第二是中央政府的高级官吏获罪流放敦煌时携带的私人画师；第三是高薪聘请的中原绘画高手；第四是来自五代时期官办敦煌画院的画师。
欣赏了美丽而神奇的壁画艺术，展现在我们面前的就是莫高窟的彩塑。彩塑是敦煌艺术的主体，有佛像、菩萨像、弟子像以及天王、金刚、力士、神等。彩塑形式丰富多彩，有圆塑、浮塑、影塑、善业塑等，最高34.5米，最小仅2厘米（善业泥菩萨像），题材之丰富和手艺之高超，堪称佛教彩塑博物馆。17窟唐代河西都僧统的肖像塑好玩塑像后绘有持杖近侍等，把塑像与壁画结为一体，为我国最早的高僧写实像之一，具有很高的历史和艺术价值。
莫高窟的建筑艺术主要指洞窟的形制。洞窟本身就是具有立体空间的建筑。前期的洞窟以中心塔柱式为主。所谓中心塔柱式即开凿是在洞窟中央留下一个方柱，在柱子的四面开龛，龛内塑像；中期开凿的洞窟相对较大，中心塔柱式被庙堂式即浮斗顶窟式代替，多数是在洞窟正面墙壁上开较大的龛，塑造多身塑像。窟顶为覆斗式，天井彩绘精美的图案；后期开凿的洞窟都比较大，纵深二三十米，称殿堂窟。洞窟中央设有佛坛，佛坛上面塑造多身较大的塑像。此外还有禅窟、大佛窟和涅盘窟。从洞窟建筑形式的转变和多样化，反映了古代艺术家们在接受外来文化的同时，融化、吸收使它成为了本民族的东西。另外，莫高窟还保存着宋代窟檐五座，以及散步其周围造型独特的舍利塔十几座，加上壁画，中彩绘的亭、台、楼、阁、殿、寺院、城池、居民、茅巷、野店等等，构成了莫高窟无比丰富的建筑艺术的宝库，也是一部敦煌建筑史。
那么，敦煌莫高窟历经千余年来为何能完整的保存下来呢？
其原因有以下几点：首先死自然条件，莫高窟地处内陆沙漠，气候非常干燥，干燥的气候给保存莫高窟提供了得天独厚的有利条件；其次，古代人开凿洞窟是为了供奉神、佛和作为祭祀祖先的家庙。祖先开凿，子孙继承，加之又有僧侣维持香火不断，后代又予以维修、重绘；再次莫高窟远离城市，交通不便，历史上也没有发生过灾难性的战争等重大破坏。所以能较好的保存下来。
短暂的莫高窟之旅就要结束了，很高兴能和大家相聚在这里，谢谢大家的观赏。
甘肃敦煌导游词 篇五
敦煌莫高窟是祖国西北的一颗明珠。它坐落在甘肃省三危山和鸣沙山的怀抱中，也就是我们这个地方。大家向下望，四周丰满沙丘，再抬头望一望，492个洞窟像蜂窝似的排列在断崖绝壁上。大家可以想象，修筑这宏伟的敦煌莫高窟的人民多么不容易。为了保护这些遗产，请大家在内不扔垃圾，不拍照。
现在我闪已经到了彩塑展厅。这里的彩塑个性鲜明，神态各异，精妙绝伦。我左边这尊是慈眉善目的菩萨，右边这尊是威风凛凛的大王；右上方这尊是强壮勇猛的力士。最宏伟的是我身后这尊卧佛了。它一共有16米长，侧身卧着，眼睛微闭，神态安祥。相信大家看了以后，会禁不住啧啧赞叹。
接下来，我们来欣赏壁画展厅。这里的壁画有很多，内容丰富多彩。我左边是记录佛教故事的描绘神佛形像的，右边的是反映民间生活的和描摹自然风光。大家知道我身后的壁画是什么吗？对了，那就是引人注目的飞天。这一个飞天臂挎花篮，采摘鲜花；这一个飞天怀抱琵琶，银拨银弦；这一个飞天倒悬身子，自天而降；这一个飞天彩带飘拂，漫天遨游；而这一个飞天舒展双壁，翩翩起舞。你们看了这些壁画是否觉得进入了艺术殿堂？是的，我告诉你们，莫高窟是举世闻名的艺术宝库，这里的每一幅壁画，每一尊彩塑，都是我国古代劳动人民智慧的结晶。
好了，下面是自由活动时间，请大家细细游赏，有什么问题可以来问我。
甘肃敦煌导游词 篇六
四大石窟还有：龙门石窟、云冈石窟和麦积山石窟。但是这些石窟都不能和敦煌莫高窟比美，因为敦煌莫高窟可是世界上最大的石窟呢！它位于敦煌市东南部，距城约25公里，洞若观火窟开在鸣沙山东的断崖上。是中国最大的古典艺术宝库，也是佛教艺术中心。它的历史也很悠久，它修建于十六国的前秦时期，北朝、隋朝、唐朝、五代、西夏和元朝这几个朝代都修建过。
现在，大家就跟我到敦煌莫高窟中去看看吧！
你们看，这就是敦煌莫高窟西南方向的一个洞窟：西千佛洞，你们猜这个洞有多长吗？一定不知道吧，其实这个洞有2.5公里长呢！这些泥巴彩塑在这个洞里有34个呢，但是整个莫高窟的彩塑就有2415个呢！
各种各样的石窟大小不一，最大的第16窟达268平方米，最小的第37窟才高不到一英尺。莫高窟壁画绘于洞窟的四壁，窟顶和佛龛内。内容非常的博大精深，主要有佛像、佛教的故事、佛教史迹、经变、神怪、供养和装饰图案等七类题材，此外还有很多生活方面的画作。好了，说了那么多，我们就去参观下一个景观吧！
大家看到了吗？这个建筑是一个九层的遮檐，也叫“北大像”，正立于崖窟中段，与崖顶等高，巍峨壮观。其间有弥勒佛坐像，高36米，由石胎泥塑而成，是除了乐山大佛和荣县大佛之外的第三大佛哦！
好了，下面请大家自由活动。在活动之前，我还是那句老话：请大家保护环境，珍惜莫高窟的每一寸土地。她不仅是游览名胜地，还是我们中国的骄傲，让我们共同祝愿：拥有无限魅力、栩栩如生的莫高窟，永远在人类历史的长河中留下灿烂辉煌的一页……欢迎有机会再到这里来玩。
甘肃敦煌导游词 篇七
阳关位于敦煌市西南70公里外的南湖乡境内，为汉武帝开辟河西，列四郡，据两关”的两关之一，自古为丝绸之路西出敦煌，通西域南道的必经关卡，西部边境之门户。唐代诗人王维首渭城朝雨邑轻尘，客舍青青柳色新。劝君更尽一杯酒，西出阳关无故人”，更使阳关名扬千古。
阳关建于汉元封四年（前107年）左右，曾设都尉管理军务，自汉至唐，一直是丝路南道上的必经关隘。历史的久远使关城烽燧少有遗存，据（元和郡县志）载阳关，在县（寿昌县）西六里。以居玉门关之南，故曰阳关。本汉置也，渭之南道，西趣鄯善、莎车。后魏尝于此置阳关县，周废。”巴黎藏敦煌石室写本（沙州地志）载：阳关，东西二十步，南北二十七步。右在（寿昌）县西十里，今见毁坏，基址见存。西通石城、于阗等南路。以在玉门关南，号日：阳关”（注：古人以山南水北为阳）。可见唐时阳关已毁，仅存基址。古寿昌城在今敦煌市南湖乡北工村附近，阳关在寿昌故城西6里，或10里处，当指约数而言。专家考证，阳关故址就在今南湖乡西面对‘古董滩”的流沙地带。
出敦煌市西南行75公里路程即可到达阳关故址：古董滩”。1943年向达先生在这里考察时写道：今南湖西北隅有地名古董滩，流沙壅塞，而版筑遗迹以及陶片遍地皆是，且时得古器物如玉器、陶片、古钱之属，其时代自汉以迄唐宋皆具，古董滩遗迹迤逦而北以迄于南湖北面龙首山俗名红山口下，南北可三四里，东西流沙湮没，广阔不甚可考”。1972年酒泉地区文物普查队于古董道西14道沙渠后，发现大量版筑墙基遗址，经试掘、测量，房屋排列整齐清晰，面积上万平方米，附近有继续宽厚的城堡垣基。阳关故址当位于此处。
古代阳关向北至玉门关一线有70公里的长城相连，每隔数十里即有烽燧墩台，阳关附近亦有十几座烽燧。尤以古董滩北侧墩墩山顶上的称为阳关耳目”的烽燧最大，地势最高，保存比较完整。
阳关古塞何以建在这片荒漠之中？考古学家研究发现，阳关占有一夫当关，万人莫开”之险要地势。附近在古代又水源充足，渥洼池和西土沟是最大的独立水源，至少在三四千年前，这里就已成绿洲盆地，有发达的火烧沟文化；汉唐时期，阳关军士即借以此水而生息。西土沟平时上游干涸，下游有泉水汇成水溪北流，时有山洪暴发。洪峰过后，沟岸纷纷塌落，河床加宽，大量泥沙顺流而下，遂在下游沉积。泥沙在西北风吹扬搬运下，形成条条沙垄，阳关古城送逐渐被水毁沙埋。
游客到丝路必到敦煌，到敦煌必到阳关。古迹并没有多少好看，关键是去凭吊历史，在想象的空间里去延续历史的哀音。阳关附近有一南湖和葡萄长廊，风格殊具，可参观当地民俗。
甘肃敦煌导游词 篇八
大家先立足，咱们从外部看一下。敦煌莫高窟之所以有名，有三大原因。一是，敦煌莫高窟的开凿年代较早，至今已有1638年的悠久历史。二是，莫高窟的规模非常宏大。它开凿在这座鸣沙山东麓断崖上。南北长约1600米，上下排列分为五层，高低错落有致，现在保存完好的洞窟有492个，大家看这些洞窟像不像密密麻麻的蜂窝呢！还有一个重要原因是莫高窟的雕塑及壁画非常的精美。现有彩塑雕像2415尊，壁画45000平方米。
莫高窟中著名的有45窟的釈迦如来，96窟的北大佛，148窟的释迦牟尼涅槃卧佛等，大家跟上我的脚步，咱们去参观254窟。
大家跟我进入洞窟，看正前方这个中心方柱，柱子正面的这尊佛像两脚交叉，身披红色袈裟，头部微俯，曲眉宽长，双眼微合下视，略含笑意。佛像脸部的金箔虽然已经褪去，但仍可以想象当时佛像光彩夺目的情景。左右墙壁上还雕刻着几尊菩萨像，守护着中间这尊大佛。这个洞窟的佛像并不是莫高窟最著名的，让这个洞窟著名的还是墙上的壁画。
大家仔细观赏，四壁和窟顶上绘满了壁画，这些壁画绚丽多彩，栩栩如生。
看这副著名的‘萨埵太子舍身饲虎’壁画，整个画面非常生动。这里还有一个感人的传说。
相传很久很久以前，南瞻部洲有—个大国，国王有三个王子。小王子摩诃萨埵天生具有一副慈悲心肠。有—天，萨埵和两位哥哥在森林里看到一只雌虎奄奄一息，似乎正要吞食它的幼虎。小王子想救活它们，于是便支走哥哥们。爬上山崖，刺破身体，然后跳了下去，摔死在老虎面前，饿虎就把小王子吃掉了。萨埵就这样舍身救活了老虎，死后因为此善举成佛到了天界。
这个洞窟我就介绍到这里了，请大家自行欣赏。我们要用眼睛去欣赏，不要用手去触碰，更不要乱涂乱画，保护好这个宝贵的世界遗产。谢谢大家的配合！祝大家玩得开心，再见！